Simulator logic walkthrough. Simulator for studying logical elements. What it is
Open lesson "Logic elements" Grade 8
Planned educational results:
subject – understanding of logical elements (conjunctor, disjunctor, inverter) and electronic circuits;
Metasubject - the ability to present the same information in different forms (truth table, logical expression, electronic circuit);
Personal – understanding the role of fundamental knowledge as the basis of modern information technologies.
Solved educational tasks:
familiarity with discrete information converters and simple electronic circuits;
consideration of examples of analysis of logic circuits;
generalization of issues related to the theoretical foundations of information technology tools;
compliance with sanitary standards when working with a computer, compliance with safety regulations, the optimal combination of forms and methods that exclude overwork.
Lesson type: combined.
Type of lesson: game lesson.
Forms of work in the lesson: collective, group, individual.
Educational technologies: gaming, information and communication, health-saving.
Basic concepts studied in the lesson:
logical element;
conjunctor;
disjunctor;
inverter;
electronic circuit.
ICT tools used in the lesson:
teacher's personal computer (PC), multimedia projector, screen;
Students PC.
Electronic educational resources:
presentation “Logic elements”;
simulator “Logic2” ( ).
simulator “Logic1” ( )
Lesson structure:
front poll.
Group work.
Organizing time.
Checking previously acquired knowledge.
Learning new material.
Fizminutka.
Generalization and systematization of knowledge
Homework.
Summing up, marking.
During the classes
1. Organizational moment.
Greetings. Checking for absentees.
Setting lesson goals.
Students write down in notebooks the date and topic of the lesson “Logic elements”(slide 1) .
2. Checking previously acquired knowledge.
Guys, in the previous lessons we have considered the basic logical operations. Since you have made significant progress in the construction and transformation of logical expressions, I suggest that you become an electronics. First you need to be divided into groups (total 4 groups)
a) Frontal survey (work with the screen).
To check if you are really suitable for a responsible task, you must pass an exam. There are 8 tickets on the screen. A representative from each group chooses any two ticket numbers and answers questions. The team gets 1 point for each correct answer.(Slide 2) .
Depending on which ticket number the student has chosen, questions appear on the screen. After the student has given an answer, the correct answer is displayed on the blackboard.
Questions:
How many simple statements are contained in this complex one: “The transparent forest alone turns black, and the spruce turns green through the hoarfrost, and the river shines under the ice”?(Three)
How many sentences are statements: “The number 6 is even”, “Attention!”, “Some fish are predators”, “Do you like to read?”(2)
A=“Laser printers are quiet and provide best quality print”
B="7*7=47 or 7*8=56"
Which of these statements are true?(AT)
Write down the statement in the language of the algebra of logic: “Mercury is a planet in the solar system and has no satellites”(A&¬B)
What is the value of the logical expression A and (not A)?(0)
Write down the statement in the language of the algebra of logic: “It is not true that the Sun moves around the Earth.”(¬A)
Calculate: 1vA&0(1)
Determine the truth of the compound expression: (2*2=4 or 3*3=10) and (2*2=5 or 3*3=9).(True)
b) Work in a group (work with the simulator Logic1).
So, we found out that you are quite prepared theoretically, let's see how you cope with the practical task.
Students are asked to complete practical task. For this, the simulator "Logic1" by Vladimir Popov is used. The program is designed to consolidate the concepts: conjunction, disjunction, inversion. Consists of 5 tasks performed sequentially, in which it is necessary to calculate the values of logical expressions. Each team performs tasks on the computer and receives points (maximum 5 points).
At the end, students will see:
or
3. Learning new material (perception and understanding of knowledge).
You coped with the test with dignity and are ready to receive important information necessary to complete a responsible task.
I will tell you how to analyze electronic circuits.
The algebra of logic is a branch of mathematics that plays an important role in the design of automatic devices, the development of hardware and software for information and communication technologies.
You already know that any information can be represented in a discrete form - as a fixed set of individual values. Devices that process such values (signals) are called discrete. A discrete converter that, after processing binary signals, outputs the value of one of the logical operations is calledlogical element .
On the slide are conventions(scheme) logical elements, which implement logical multiplication, logical addition and inversion.
Logical element AND (conjunctor) implements the logical multiplication operation. The unit at the output of this element will appear only when there are units at all inputs.
Logical element OR (disjunctor) implements the logical addition operation. If at least one input is one, then the output of the element will also be one.
Gate NOT (inverter) implements the negation operation. If the input of the element is 0, then the output is 1 and vice versa.
Computer devices that perform operations on binary numbers, and cells that store data, are electronic circuits consisting of separate logical elements.
Sketch the diagrams of logic elements in your notebook.
4. Physical Minute.
Eye charger. The first exercise is to follow a moving object along a closed path with your eyes.
The second exercise - the gaze is alternately translated from a point to a large circle. Focus change.
5. Generalization and systematization of knowledge (work with the simulator "Logic2").
Students are invited to go through the last stage of the game - the simulator "Logic2" Polyakov Konstantin Yuryevich.
Rules of the game: your task is to consistently pass the crystal from the top platform to the bottom. By applying current to the input of the mechanisms on the right side of the circuit, it is possible to push the platforms in the path of the crystal. If there is no current at the input of the mechanism, the platform is removed.
To control the mechanisms, use the switches on the left side of the field. Their state is changed by mouse click. When the switch is on, current flows through the circuit and is supplied to logic included in this circuit (middle part of the field). Logic circuits transform input signals according to the following rules:
schemeNOT : there will be current at the output (signal 1) if there is no current at the input (signal 0), and vice versa;
schemeAnd : the output will be 1 if both inputs are 1;
schemeOR : the output will be 1 if at least one input is 1;
The crystal cannot be passed through several “spans” at once - in this case it breaks and you have to start the level again. In addition, you only have 5 crystals for the whole game, if you break them all, the task is considered failed.
The game consists of 10 levels. If you can complete all the levels, keeping at least one crystal and score more than zero points, you will see a picture.
Each of the students brings to the team a point equal to his maximum level passed in the Logic2 simulator. The arithmetic average of the maximum levels of participants in the team is considered, and are added to the previously earned points. That. the winning team is determined.
6. Homework.
Prepare for control work.
7. Summing up. Reflection.
Informatics GEF: textbook for grade 8: L. L. Bosova, A. Yu. Bosova. – M. : BINOM. Knowledge Lab, 2016.
Informatics GEF: Workbook for grade 8 (2 parts): L. L. Bosova, A. Yu. Bosova. – M. : BINOM. Knowledge Lab, 2016.
logic element simulator
What it is?
The simulator "Logic" is designed for practical training on the topic " mathematical logic » in a playful way. Similar game was previously written for Yamaha computers (programmers P. Menyailo and M. Shchekochikhin). The original program along with the MSX computer simulator can be downloaded (thanks Mikhail Bondarevsky).
The program runs under the operating systems of the line Windows 95/98/NT/2000/XP/2003 on any modern computer. After unpacking the archive, it is in working condition and does not require no additional settings.
Download
The program is free for non-commercial use. The source code of the program is not distributed.
The program comes with as is”, that is, the author does not bear any responsibility for all possible consequences of its use, including moral and material losses, equipment failure, physical and mental injuries.
Advantages
- game form consolidation of educational material;
- the program has a built-in set logic circuits(tasks) for each of the 10 levels;
- it is possible to make new schemes and check their work without leaving the program;
- with each level you can associate your scheme; list non-standard schemes stored in the initialization file LOGIC.INI ; Thus, it is possible to make several ini-files with different types of tasks;
- in addition to the standard set of logical elements (AND, OR, NOT) in the circuits, you can use the elements included (it is not clear why) in the school curriculum " implication», « equivalence", as well as half adder, adder and RS flip-flop.
Rules of the game
The task is to sequentially transfer the crystal from top to bottom. By applying current to the input of the mechanisms on the right side of the circuit, you can nominate platforms on the path of the crystal. If there is no current at the input of the mechanism, the platform is removed.
Used to control machinery switches on the left side of the field. Their state changes mouse click. If the switch is turned on, current flows through the circuit and is supplied to the logic circuits included in this circuit (middle part of the field). Logic circuits transform input signals according to the following rules:
- scheme NOT: there will be current at the output (signal 1) if there is no current at the input (signal 0), and vice versa;
- scheme And: the output will be 1 if both inputs are 1;
- scheme OR: the output will be 1 if at least one input is 1;
- scheme XOR(exclusive OR): the output will be 1 if only one input is 1;
- scheme implication (1—>2 ): the output will be 0 if the first input is 1 and the second input is 0; otherwise at output 1;
- scheme equivalence(): the output will be 1 if both inputs are equal; otherwise the output is 0.
The crystal cannot be transferred through several "spans" at once - in this case it crashes and you have to start the level again. In addition, you only have 5 crystals for the whole game, if you break them all, the task is considered failed.
The game consists of 10 levels. If you can complete all the levels, keeping at least one crystal and score more than zero points, you will see a picture.
