Airplane made of geometric shapes. Application of geometric shapes. "House". Application for the little ones

I often hear from parents who come to counseling: with algebra all right, but does not understand geometry at all.

Prevention of this situation should begin as early as possible. And do not divide children by gender. To come up with the style of a dress is also design.

We have already talked about the construction of counting sticks, the builder. Topic of this article: construction from geometric shapes. It is useful to start designing from geometric shapes from 2.5-3 years.

Parents usually consider babies of this age to be unintelligent, but this is not so. At this favorable age, the creative right hemisphere actively develops. There will be no other period like this.

But, of course, you can’t give a figure to a three-year-old so that he builds something there on his own. You have to sit next to him and learn. Unfortunately, now the fashionable approach is to buy more toys. This is called "create a development environment". And the child picks at them, slowly turning them into scrap. Even kindergartens have forgotten the truth: learning leads to development.

Construction from geometric shapes

Materials.

Squares, circles, triangles of different colors. Squares, circles are the same, triangles of different sizes and shapes. Two sets of figures: one for an adult, the other for a child. They can be bought in sets or cut from colored cardboard.
Small rubber or plastic animals, little men.

Game progress

Let's play a fairy tale. The adult lays out the figure and waits for the child to copy it. It is necessary to sit next to the picture so that the picture is not "upside down" for the baby.

Fairy tale 1.

Place toys at some distance from the place of work.

The bunny has a small house.

We fold a picture from our set in front of the baby. The child needs to copy the sample.

The bear-bear has a big one. (Similarly add up).
Near the hare's house grew a small Christmas tree. (Christmas tree of 2 triangles).
Next to the bear's house - a large one. (From 3-4 triangles)

Discussion.

What is the difference between a bunny house and a bear house?
Why do you need to build a teddy bear big house? Because it is big and will not fit into a small house. You can recall the cartoon "Teremok", how the bear ruined it.

Enough for the first session. If you have paper figures, you can glue them. You will get a great application. Mom can draw animals, after asking who lives where.

Fairy tale 2.

In the next lesson, we replace the bear with another animal, for example, a hedgehog. Let's build the next story.

The hedgehog also lived and lived in the forest. He had a small house. The hedgehog had a car in which he liked to ride and go on business. One day a hare came to visit a hedgehog. The hedgehog looks, he has nothing tasty. Something to feed a friend. The hedgehog went to a big store, and the bunny is waiting at home. He drove past large and small Christmas trees. I bought a hedgehog of gingerbread, bagels and cabbages with carrots and went home.

Have your child build a home. If he doesn’t remember, fold the pattern again from your set of geometric shapes, and let the child copy.

Build a car and wait for the kid to copy it. The hedgehog went by car.

Let's build a big store and the road to it.

Ask him to show with his finger in which direction the machine will go. Where does she go shopping? (also finger pointing)

Discussion.

Show big house, small house.
Large (small) Christmas tree.
Count the trees.

We repeat the design, replacing the animals with a cat and a mouse, a monkey and others. The most important thing is that the new pair should be of different sizes (large-small). Then only fantasy works.

The animals decided to go on a trip. We drove to the station by car. And then they boarded the train. We drove for a long time. Finally we saw the sea. A yacht was waiting for them at sea...

Etc. The vacation was wonderful. We flew back by plane.

That's something like this in a fairy tale and actions, you can lay elementary constructive skills as early as 2.5-3 years.

For the manufacture of three-dimensional geometric shapes, the main thing is to have templates that can be cut out and then glued.

Can be made from white or colored paper. Can be cut out of paper with any drawings or numbers.

I propose to make a not quite ordinary three-dimensional figure using the origami technique. Watch video:

So that children better remember what geometric shapes are, and know what they are called, you can make thick paper or cardboard three-dimensional geometric shapes. By the way, on the basis of them you can make a beautiful gift wrapping.

You will need:

thick paper or cardboard (preferably colored);
ruler;
pencil;
scissors;
glue (preferably PVA).

The most difficult thing is to develop and draw layouts, you need at least basic drawing knowledge. You can also take ready-made drawings and print them out on a printer.

To make the fold line even and sharp, you can use a blunt needle and a metal ruler. When drawing a line, the needle must be strongly bent in the direction of movement, practically laying it on its side.

This is a triangular pyramid

This is a cube scan.

This is a scan of an octahedron (a four-sided pyramid)

This is a dodecahedron sweep

This is the unfolding of the icosahedron

Here you can find templates for more complex figures (Platonic Solids, Archimedean solids, polyhedra, polyhedra, different types of pyramids and prisms, simple and oblique paper models).

Volumetric geometric shapes are the best way to explore the world around the baby. Excellent teaching material/excellent tutorial for the study of geometric shapes - these are, just, three-dimensional figures. In this way, geometric shapes are better remembered.

The best material for making such three-dimensional figures is thick paper (you can use colored paper) or cardboard.

For the manufacture, in addition to paper, you will also need a pencil with a ruler, as well as scissors and glue (cut and glue the reamers).

You need to draw a sweep in a similar way and cut them out:

Then they need to be glued edge to edge.

You should get the following three-dimensional geometric shapes:

Here are a few schemes by which you can make three-dimensional geometric shapes.

The simplest one is tetrahedron.

A little harder to make octahedron.

And here is this large figure - dodecahedron.

One more - icosahedron.

More information about the manufacture of volumetric figures can be found here.

This is what the unassembled volumetric figures look like:

And this is what it looks like ready made:

From volumetric geometric shapes, you can make many original crafts, including gift wrapping.

Before you start making volumetric geometric shapes, you need to imagine (or know what it looks like) a figure in 3D: how many faces a particular figure has.

First you need to correctly draw a figure on paper along the edges, which should be connected to each other. Each shape has a certain shape: square, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, hexagon, circle, etc.

It is very important that the length of the edges of the figure that will be connected to each other have the same length so that there are no problems during the connection. If the figure consists of the same faces, I would suggest making a template while drawing to use this template. You can also download ready-made templates from the Internet, print them, bend along the lines and connect (glue).

Cone Pattern:

Pyramid Template:

You will need to make three-dimensional geometric shapes both in school classes and for studying figures with kids. This process can be turned into a game by making dense volumetric geometric shapes out of cardboard.

For the manufacture of figures we need - a pencil, a ruler, colored cardboard, glue.

You can print diagrams from the Internet, then apply them to thick paper, not forgetting the fold lines that will stick together.

And you can use the following schemes:

And here they are in finished form.

So you can have fun and usefully spend time with your baby, studying geometric shapes.

Having made three-dimensional figures out of paper on your own, you can not only use them for entertainment, but also for learning.

For example, you can visually show the child what this or that figure looks like, let him hold it in his hands.

Or, for the purpose of training, you can print diagrams with special symbols.

So I propose to read the seme below dodecahedron, both simple and with small drawings that will only attract the attention of the baby and make learning more fun and entertaining.

Also a diagram Cuba can be used to teach numbers.

Scheme pyramids can help to learn the formulas that apply to this figure.

In addition, I suggest that you familiarize yourself with the scheme octahedron.

Scheme tetrahedron among other things, it will help to study colors.

As you understand, the above templates must be printed, cut, bent along the lines, glued along special narrow strips adjacent to the selected sides.

Volumetric geometric figures are simply necessary for learning: they provide students with the opportunity to hold them in their hands, consider what is an important part of the educational process, they are simply necessary as a guide when studying the famous Euler theorem - clearly demonstrating that even with deformations, curvature, the number of faces of a polyhedron , and hence the Euler relation, remains unchanged:

In addition, solid figures can be a great tool to help students understand how to find the surface area of a polyhedron.

So, with the help of the templates below, you can easily make the following shapes:

triangular prism

N-angle prism

Tetrahedron

Application aircraft will be of interest to children in the younger group of kindergarten, middle and senior. Building such structures is difficult, but interesting. After spending a little time and hard work, the child will be satisfied with the result of his work.

Master class for beginners, how to make your own plane from improvised materials on paper, with detailed description all stages will be presented in the article. Consider different ideas and techniques for completing tasks of a similar theme.

For children from 1 to 3 years old, it will be difficult to cope with this work on their own, they definitely need the help of adults who will prompt and tell. For junior group kindergarten prepare the following materials:

cardboard (bright colors - red, blue, yellow in several copies);
scissors;
paper;
glue;
blanks.

Step-by-step instruction:

Parents or caregivers should purchase blanks in advance or cut them out on their own. It is most convenient to download and print stencils so as not to distort the picture for the baby.
Place the finished templates on white cardboard in the correct order.
Cut out the circle (window) and attach it.
In addition, draw birds and clouds (or create from paper).

In the middle and senior groups more complex application techniques are used with self-cutting stencils from colored paper for work.

For the composition you need:

glue;
scissors;
colored paper;
base cardboard.

Step by step:

A child can build a military aircraft using green paper, as in the photo. And you can also cut and glue more red stars. It is good to make such a drawing in honor of May 9 and give it to a veteran.

Planes for preschoolers are made not only from paper, but also from other materials: pencil shavings, buttons. The drawing technique is different: the contours of the aircraft are drawn on cardboard, then filled with the necessary material in the form.

Application "Flying planes"

For work you will need:

glue;
scissors;
cardboard;
colored paper for cutting.

There will be several images in the picture, which are better than different colors. Have your child cut out a rectangle and a triangle. The first figure will serve as the cockpit, and the second - the nose of the aircraft. Next, start cutting out the wings and finish with a circle porthole.

Fasten all the details and repeat for several airplanes. The work will turn out to be interesting and informative, especially if it is done in teams.

Aircraft in 3D

Cutting out fast-winged planes from paper and making them voluminous will be much more interesting. For such structures, the use of printed templates is ideal, so these applications require preparation.

Stencil examples:

Connect all the details together. To make the picture look even more spectacular, make several figures at the same time:

Templates for creativity

Video: Application-card "Airplane"

Thematic selection of games and exercises, topic: "Air travel"

Goals:

Introduce children to different types air transport.
Expand the active and passive vocabulary of children on this topic.
Introduce children to the number "3" as a sign denoting a certain amount.
Teach children to correlate number and quantity.
To form a stable idea of color, quantity, size.
Consolidate knowledge of geometric shapes.
Continue to teach children to determine the position of an object in space relative to themselves.
Improve the skills of modeling from plasticine, drawing straight vertical lines with a pencil, painting over with paints, gluing image details, creating a coherent composition.
Develop thinking, fine motor skills, the ability to coordinate words and movements.

Equipment:

Silhouettes of the number "3" cut out of colored cardboard, asterisks (flex).
A picture depicting three balloons of different sizes, three baskets of suitable size, cut out of thick paper, handouts of small figures of nesting dolls.
Balloons with beans inside (in some balloons there is one bean, in others there are many).
Cardboard silhouettes of planes with glued circles of different colors and sizes, matching buttons in color and size.
A road pasted on cardboard, winding, turning into a straight line, small toys-airplanes.
Silhouette image of a helicopter, cut out of thick cardboard, clothespins.
Plasticine, pencils, paints.
A sheet of paper with skydivers drawn at the top and the earth at the bottom.
Circles cut out of napkins.
A picture depicting a helicopter made of geometric shapes, the same figures cut out of cardboard.
Paper airplanes for breathing exercise.
Modeling cardboard airplane wings.
A sheet of paper with drawn parachute lines, parachutists cut out of paper, parachute domes, the sun, cotton wool, glue.
Background picture depicting three aircraft with the numbers "1", "2", "3" on board, colored silhouette figures of paratroopers.
Diamonds.
Audio recordings: "Let's build an airplane ourselves", background music for an outdoor game.

Acquaintance with the number "3"

Here is the number three. Let's put three stars on it.

Balloon

Reading the poem "Balloon"

With warm air balloon.
And under it is a basket,
Under the feet of the earth -
Like in the picture.

Didactic game "Balloons"

To these balloons you need to attach baskets.

How many balloons do we have? Three. Can you say they are the same? No, they are different. Show the largest ball, medium, smallest.

Put one nesting doll in the basket with the number "1", put two nesting dolls in the basket with the number "2". And how many nesting dolls will we put in a basket with the number "3"? three dolls.

Didactic exercise "How many beans are in a ball?"

Touch with your fingers and show me a ball in which there is only one bean. Now show a ball in which there are a lot of beans.

Airplane

Button game "Airplane"

Lay out the buttons on the airplane window circles. Choose the right size and color.

Reading the poem "Airplane"

Silver plane.
Only the sun will rise
Takes flight -
Takeoff and landing, flights.
And until evening from dawn
He helped the man.

Breathing exercise and onomatopoeia "Airplane"

Put a paper plane in your palm and blow on it - send it flying. (Make sure the children blow without puffing out their cheeks).

- And now let's hum together like airplanes: "U-u-u-u-u-uuu."

Drawing with paints "Fuel for the aircraft"

Airplanes need fuel to fly. Aircraft fuel is stored in special containers - canisters. Look, we're completely out of aircraft fuel. Let's fill the canisters with fuel.

Children paint over the image of the canister with yellow paint.

Didactic exercise "Runway"

A winding, turning into a straight path is pasted on a sheet of cardboard. Children walk along it with a toy airplane.

Modeling "Airplane"

A piece of plasticine is divided in half, a sausage is molded from one half by direct rolling, one edge of which is bent and pinched - the tail. Cardboard wings are applied from above, perpendicular to the aircraft body.

Playing crafts

The plane was blinded by ourselves.
Let's fly high above the clouds.
(Raise the plane up)

Let's fly over the mountains
(Mahi with a raised hand with an airplane left and right)

And then back to mom.
(Put the plane on the table)

Musical-rhythmic exercise "Let's build an airplane ourselves"

Children listen to the song and play the tambourines.

Mobile game "Airplanes"

To go flying, you must first fill the tanks with fuel.

Let's start the motors.
(Rotation of hands in front of the chest)

Hands to the sides - in flight
We send a plane.
Right wing forward.
Left wing - forward.
One two three four -
Our plane took off.

Helicopter

Clothespin game "Helicopter"

Make helicopter blades out of clothespins.

Didactic game "Fold a helicopter from geometric shapes"

And now let's fold the helicopter from geometric shapes.

Parachute

Drawing with pencils "Help the paratroopers down to the ground"

Take your pencils and draw straight lines from the skydivers to the ground.

Exercise "Fold the parachute"

Children fold the circle (from a thick napkin) in half, then in half again.

Application "Skydiver"

Children stick paper canopy of a parachute, a skydiver, a sun and a cotton wool cloud.

Didactic game "How many skydivers?"

You see that a number is drawn on the side of the plane. What is this number? Number one. This means that only one parachutist will jump from this plane - take the parachutist figurine and attach it to the picture under the plane.

(Do the same with the numbers "2" and "3").

Dynamic pause "Pilot training"

"All in the cabins" - run to the chair and sit on it.
"Skydiving" - jumping from the bench to the mat.
"Difficult flight" - crawl under the arc.

To get acquainted with colors and shapes, as well as to develop thinking and imagination with children, you can create applications from geometric material. These activities are good not only because they allow children to develop and explore the world, but also because the materials themselves are accessible. In this article we will tell you how to make different applications from geometric shapes.

Application: a house of geometric shapes

"House". Application for the little ones

Applications for young children should be as simple as possible and consist of a small number of details.

To create a children's application in the form of a house of geometric shapes, we need:

templates for cutting shapes;
cardboard with the image of the final picture printed on it;
colored paper;
glue;
scissors;
tassel.

Application "Big House"

After the child has mastered simple applications, you can move on to complex ones. To make it easier for a child to create large applications on their own at first, it is necessary to print ready-made templates on thick paper.

Templates usually consist of two parts. On one, the outline of the drawing is applied, and on the second, the geometric shapes themselves, which must be glued along the contours.

Application: machine made of geometric shapes

Boys are very interested in cars made of geometric shapes. The figures themselves for creating applications by older children are cut out on their own, and young children need to be given already cut blanks.

Application: animals from geometric shapes

Making animal applications from geometric shapes is no less exciting, but young children will need the help of adults, as they consist of a large number of details. The principle of application is the same as in the previous master classes.

Application: chicken from geometric shapes

Applications can not only be glued, but also beat this process. In order to play an exciting game for kids, we need:

colored cardboard;
scissors;
felt-tip pens or paints;
glue;
tassel.

On a sheet of white cardboard we draw the main contours: the sun, chicken and chickens, and also draw grass and clouds.
From cardboard of the appropriate colors, cut out a chicken, a sun and four yellow circles that will become chickens.

We lay out a sheet of cardboard with drawn contours and details on the table and begin the presentation for the child:

“The chicken went out for a walk, pinching fresh grass,

And behind her are the guys - yellow chickens.

The sun walked across the sky and ran behind a cloud

(we roll the sun over the picture and remove it).

Darkness has come, do not go out the gate:

Who got on the street - got lost and disappeared

(remove the figures of chickens).

The hen looked back, but the chicks were not visible.

The chicken began to call the sun

“Come out, sunshine, hurry up! I'm sorry without the sun -

And no chickens to be seen!”