Didactic games for 5 years. Didactic games for preschool children (5–7 years old). Who built this house

Didactic games for children 5-6 years old have their own differences related to the age characteristics of a child of this age.

Children at the age of five are characterized by curiosity, observation, interest in everything new, unusual. Children really like to solve riddles themselves, to find the right solution to the problem. The volume of knowledge is expanding, and the nature of mental activity is changing. New forms of thinking arise, analysis becomes more and more detailed, and synthesis more and more generalized and precise. Children of the sixth year of life already understand the connection between surrounding objects and phenomena, the causes of phenomena and their features.

When selecting didactic games for children 5-6 years old, one should pay attention to the degree of difficulty game rules and actions, so that when they are performed, the child shows the efforts of the mind and will.

Competition plays an important role in children's games. Give your child more freedom in choosing a game and in creatively solving its problems.

The role of an adult in games for children aged 5-6 is mainly to explain the rules of the game. At this age, children can already act independently, without the participation of an adult, this applies mainly to board-printed games.

It is very important to choose the right game, to analyze whether the child has the necessary knowledge and ideas. At the end of the game, be sure to praise the children, focus on the positive aspects, and encourage success.

Make no mistake!

Didactic task. Exercise children in distinguishing objects by material; consolidate knowledge about such properties of objects as hard, soft, rough, dense, smooth, shiny, matte.

Game rules. Collect items of the same quality in a basket, talk about the properties of items.

Game actions. The search for objects is carried out by links, they compete: whoever finds the most items of the same material, wins. The search begins and ends at the signal of the leader.

Game progress. The game begins with a short conversation between an adult and children about the objects that surround them in the room.

An adult in the process of conversation clarifies the knowledge of children that there are a lot of objects in the room and they are all made of some material.

Now look at this toy! (Shows a nesting doll.) What do you think it is made of? (Children answer.) Yes, it is made of wood. What is this item made of? (Shows scissors. Children answer.) This object, you rightly said, is made of metal.

Come, Lena, to the table, pick up a nesting doll and scissors and say which is colder: scissors or a nesting doll. Correctly Lena said that the scissors are colder. Metal is cold, but wood is warmer.

Now tell me, what is this ball made of? (Shows a plastic ball. The children answer.) Yes, it is made of plastic. See how he bounces! How can you say about this property of plastic? (It is elastic. The ball jumps.) But what is this bubble made of? That's right, it's made of glass. What can be said about the properties of glass?

An adult brings the children to the answer: it is fragile, easily beaten. Therefore, with objects made of glass, you must always be very careful.

Now, guys, we will play the game "Do not make a mistake!". We will have four links. Let's choose a counting unit. We will give each leader a basket: a ball is pasted on this basket. (Shows a basket with a ball.) Here you will need to find and put all the objects made ... What are they made of?

Made of plastic, the children answer.

And this basket has a picture of scissors pasted on it. This is where we collect all the items...

Metal.

And in this basket (a matryoshka is pasted on it) - we will put items ...

Wooden.

In this basket we put all the items ...

Glass.

Start the search and end only on a signal: a blow to the tambourine. Whoever collects the most items wins.

Four linkers are chosen by a counting room. They take baskets and, together with the members of their squad (they should be equally divided), after the sound of the tambourine, they go to collect items. After the second stroke of the tambourine, everyone approaches the adult, lays out the objects one by one, recounts them, checks for mistakes, and talks about the properties of the objects.

At the end, the winning link is announced. The winners are greeted with applause.

The game can be varied by using objects made from other materials: cardboard, fabric, rubber, etc.

Whoever comes, let him take it!

didactic task. To teach children to talk about the subject, highlighting its most characteristic features: shape, color, quality and its purpose; according to the description, find an object in a room or on the street, recognize tools, machines, by whom they are used in work; develop attention, thinking, memory and speech.

Game rules. According to the description of the object, find it in a room or on a site, correctly name it. Who makes a mistake and brings not the item that was told, he pays a forfeit, which is redeemed at the end of the game.

Game actions. Guessing, guessing, searching for objects.

Game progress. The adult reminds the children that recently they had a conversation about the fact that different objects, tools, machines help people in their work. He speaks:

Today we will play such a game: we have a lot of tools, machines (toys) in our room. You will choose any one of them and tell us so that we know which tool or machine you are talking about. But you can't name an object. We ourselves must guess. Whoever guesses first will find this item and bring it here on the table.

I guessed the item that the tailor needs. It's metallic. You can also make a riddle: "Two ends, two rings, and carnations in the middle."

These are scissors, says one child.

Well done, go get it and put it on the table.

Guess what it is, - the next participant continues the game. - Car, wheels like a tank. He knows how to do everything: he plows, he sows, and he carries loads.

The one who guessed ("It's a tractor!") Comes up first and finds a tractor among the toys and also puts it on the table.

The game continues until different guns labor and machines will be on the table. The game ends with guessing the forfeits of those who made a mistake and brought the wrong item.

Similar - not similar.

didactic task. To teach children to compare objects, to notice signs of similarity in color, shape, size, material; develop observation, thinking, speech.

Game rules. Find two objects in the environment, be able to prove their similarity. The person pointed to by the arrow answers.

Game actions. Search for similar items.

Game progress. Prepare in advance various items and discreetly place them in the room.

An adult reminds children that they are surrounded by many objects, different and the same, similar and not quite similar.

Today we will find objects that are similar to each other. They may be similar in shape, color, size, material. Listen to the rules of the game. You need to walk around the room, select two similar objects and sit down. The one whom the arrow points to will tell you why he took these two items, what is their similarity.

Most often, children find similar objects by color, size. The hidden quality is difficult for them to detect. This game helps the guys to solve the problem. For example, taking a teaspoon and a dump truck, the child explains his choice by saying that they are similar because they are made of metal. At first, such a combination of objects causes laughter in children.

How are a spoon and a dump truck similar? - the children are perplexed and laugh. Of course they don't look alike.

But the child who called them similar proves the correctness of his choice.

While playing, children learn to find signs of similarity in objects, which is much more difficult than to notice signs of their difference.

Do you know?

didactic task. To consolidate children's knowledge about sports, to arouse the desire to engage in them; educate interest in athletes, pride in their victories.

Game rules. When choosing the items necessary for a given sport, correctly name the sport and items.

Game actions. Select pictures with an image different types sports.

Game progress. An adult examines large pictures with children, which depict sports subjects: games of football, hockey, volleyball, rhythmic gymnastics, rowing, etc .; talks with children, clarifying their knowledge. After handing out the pictures to the children, the adult invites them to choose the right items for each athlete. He draws the attention of children to objects that lie on the carpet: a hoop, a ribbon, a soccer ball, a stick, a puck, a shuttlecock, a racket, a boat, oars, etc. The children name them.

Now listen to the rules of the game. On a signal (whistle), you will find and put to the picture where one sport is drawn, those items that these athletes need. Be careful!

Gives a signal. After all the items are put to the corresponding pictures, the children check if there is a mistake.

The game consolidates knowledge about sports, about sports equipment, and also brings up interest in sports. The game can be ended with a conversation about athletes - champions of the competition, looking at pictures, photos on sports topics.

Then the adult offers the items that were used in the game to take with them for a walk and play sport games on one's own.

Tops and roots.

didactic task. To consolidate the knowledge that vegetables have edible roots - roots and fruits - tops, some vegetables have both tops and roots; exercise in compiling a whole plant from its parts.

Game rules. You can search for your vershok or spine only on a signal. It is impossible to pair up with the same player all the time, you have to look for another pair.

Game actions. Search for a couple; composition of the whole plant.

Game progress. Option 1. After harvesting in his garden, an adult gathers children, showing them what a good harvest they have grown, and praises them for their useful work. Then he clarifies the knowledge of children that some plants have edible roots - roots, others have fruits - tops, and some plants have both tops and roots. An adult explains the rules of the game:

Today we will play a game called "Tops and Roots". We have tops and roots of plants - vegetables on the table. We will now divide into two groups: one group will be called tops, and the other - roots. (Children split into two groups.)

There are vegetables on the table here; the children of the first group take an apex in their hand, and the children of the second - by the spine. All taken? And now, on a signal (clap your hands), you all scatter around the site and run in all directions. When you hear the signal "One, two, three - find your pair!", quickly find a pair for yourself: to your top - a spine.

The game is repeated, but it is already necessary to look for another vershok (or spine). You can't pair up with the same player all the time.

Option 2. Tops (or roots) stand still.

Only one subgroup of guys runs around the playground. An adult gives a signal: "Roots, find your tops!". Children should become so that the tops and root are one.

The correctness of the task can be checked only by the "magic gate" (an adult and one of the children), through which all couples pass. So that interest in the game does not fade away, you can offer to exchange tops and roots.

Word (speech) games are used to solve all the problems of speech development. They consolidate and clarify the vocabulary, contribute to the ability to change and form words, exercise in making coherent statements, develop explanatory speech. Vocabulary games help the development of both specific and generic concepts, the development of words in their generalized meanings. In these games, the child finds himself in situations where he is forced to use the acquired speech knowledge and vocabulary in new conditions. They are manifested in the words and actions of the players. speech games- an effective means of consolidating grammatical skills, because due to the emotionality of the conduct and the interest of children, they make it possible to exercise the child many times in repeating the necessary word forms.

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Word (speech) games are used to solve all the problems of speech development. They consolidate and clarify the vocabulary, contribute to the ability to change and form words, exercise in making coherent statements, develop explanatory speech. Vocabulary games help the development of both specific and generic concepts, the development of words in their generalized meanings. In these games, the child finds himself in situations where he is forced to use the acquired speech knowledge and vocabulary in new conditions. They are manifested in the words and actions of the players. Speech games are an effective means of consolidating grammatical skills, since due to the emotionality of the conduct and the interest of children, they make it possible to exercise the child many times in repeating the necessary word forms.

DIDACTIC WORD GAMES

For children 5-7 years old

Well no

Didactic task: to teach children to think, logically raise questions, make the right conclusions

Game rules:You can only answer YES or NO to the driver's questions.

Game actions:guessing the subject through questions given in a logical sequence

Game progress: The teacher explains the rules. The driver will go out the door, and we will agree on what object in our room we will guess for him. He will come and ask us where the object is, what it is, what it is for. We will answer him with only two words. I will be the driver first. When I leave the room, Vova will tell you what object he proposes to make. Then you will call me.

The teacher leaves, then enters the room and asks:

Is this item on the floor?

Not

On the ceiling?

Yes

Glass? Looks like a pear?

Yes

Bulb?

Yes

Taking on the role of the first leader, the teacher teaches children to logically raise questions. He explains:

Children, did you notice how I asked? First I found out WHERE the item is. Then I found out what he is. Try to ask the same.

This game teaches children to think logically: if an object is not on the floor, then it can be on the wall or on the ceiling. Children do not immediately draw the right conclusions. It happens like this: having learned that the object is not on the floor, the child continues to ask: “Table?” The teacher in such cases helps the child to come to the correct conclusion: “Ira, we answered you that the object is not on the floor. Where is the table? - "On the floor" - "Should I call him?" - "Not".

Answer fast

Didactic task: to consolidate the ability of children to classify objects by color, shape, quality, to teach them to think and respond quickly

Game rules:select only those words that can be called one generalizing word, you can throw the ball back only after you have said the right word

Game actions:throwing and catching the ball

Game progress: The teacher, holding the ball in his hands, becomes with the children in a circle and explains the rules of the game:

Now I will name a color and throw the ball to one of you. The one who catches the ball must name the object of this color, then he himself names the color and throws the ball to the next one. He also catches the ball, names the object, his color and throws it to the next one.

Green - leaf - blue - sky - yellow ...

The same color can be repeated.

The main feature for classification may not be the color, but the quality of the object.

Wooden - table - stone - house - steel ...

Finish the sentence

Didactic task: to teach children to understand the causal relationships between phenomena, to exercise them in the correct selection of words

Game rules:the sentence is ended by the person pointed to by the arrow

Game actions:arrow rotation

Game progress: The teacher starts the sentence: “I put on a warm coat so that ...” - and invites the children to finish it

"We turned on the light because..."

"We watered the flowers to..."

chain of words

Didactic task: to work out with children the skill of selecting adjectives (attribute) to the subject and vice versa: the object to the attribute; vocabulary enrichment

Game rules:the ball is passed in a circle, at the command of the educator, the chain changes from a sign to an object or vice versa

Game actions:arrow rotation

Game progress: The teacher begins: “What autumn?” - passes the ball in a circle to the next one, he calls the sign of autumn: “golden” - passes - “early” - passes - “cold”. Educator: "What else is cold?" - passes the ball - winter - passes - hand - ice cream. Educator: “What is ice cream like” - white - tasty - creamy ....

Lavata

Didactic task: exercise children in the use of opposing prepositions, build sentences with them, develop intonational expressiveness

Game rules: round dance

Game actions:coordinated movement in a round dance

Game progress: Children form a circle. Without holding hands, the children move with a side step and say:

Together we dance -

Tra-ta-ta, tra-ta-ta,

Our favorite dance

This is lava.

The host says: "My fingers are good, but the neighbor's is better." Children repeat, then take each other by the little fingers and repeat the words, making movements with a side step. Then the driver gives other tasks:

My shoulders are good, but my neighbor's is better

My ears are good, but my neighbor's is better

My eyes are good, but the neighbor's is better

My cheeks are good, but my neighbor's is better

My knees are good, but my neighbor's is better

name three things

Didactic task: exercise children in the classification of objects

Game rules:name three things with one common word. Who is mistaken - pays forfeit.

Game actions:playing forfeits, throwing and catching the ball

Game progress: Educator: Guys, I call one word, and you answer me three. For example: furniture - table, chair, stool

Tops and roots

Didactic task: exercise children in the classification of vegetables according to the principle: what is edible for them - the root or the fruit on the stem

Game rules:you can answer with only two words: tops or roots

Game actions:playing forfeits

Game progress: The teacher clarifies with the children what they will call tops and what - roots: "We will call the edible root of the vegetable roots, and the edible fruit on the stem - tops." The teacher calls the vegetable, and the children quickly answer. The teacher warns that in some vegetables both the root and the fruit on the stem, for example, onions, can be edible.

Flying - not flying

Didactic task: to develop auditory attention in children, to cultivate endurance

Game rules:you can only raise your hands if a flying object is named

Game actions:knee pat, hand up

Game progress: Children sit in a semicircle, put their hands on their knees. The teacher explains the rules of the game: I will name the objects and ask: “Does it fly?” If it flies, you raise your hands; if it doesn't fly, you don't raise your hands. You need to be careful, because I will be cunning and raise my hands even when I name a flying object.

Paints

Didactic task: develop children's auditory attention, speed of thinking

Game rules:the participants themselves choose the paints at will, you cannot choose the same ones.

Game actions:dialogue between the seller and the monk-buyer, jumping on one leg

Game progress: The seller and the monk are chosen, the children choose their own color, they tell the seller about it. The monk comes

Knock-Knock

Who's there?

I am a monk in blue pants in a red shirt, in a green cap

Why did you come?

For paints

What do you want?

blue

If there is no such paint, the seller says:

There is no such

And all the colors clap their hands and say:

Walk the blue path

Find blue boots

Wear it, wear it

And bring us!

The monk goes to the side, then returns and conducts the same dialogue with the seller.

When a monk asks for the available paint, it starts to run away from him. He's catching up. I didn’t catch up - I will again be a monk, I caught up - this paint becomes a monk.

Vice versa

Didactic task: to develop in children quick wit, quick thinking

Game rules:name words that are opposite in meaning

Game actions:throwing and catching the ball

Game progress: Children and teacher sit on chairs in a circle. The teacher says the word and throws the ball to one of the children. The child must catch the ball, say a word that is opposite in meaning, and again throw the ball to the teacher.

Complete the offer

Didactic task: develop children's speech activity, speed of thinking

Game rules:you need to find and say such a word to get a complete sentence. You can only add one word.

Game actions:throwing and catching the ball

Game progress: The teacher starts the phrase, throws the ball to the child, he, adding one word, finishes it.

Card file didactic games TRIZ and RTV (preparatory group).

Our kindergarten works using TRIZ technologies. Teachers systematically develop their didactic games using TRIZ technologies.
I would like to present you my developed games.

The game "Let's build a kindergarten"
Target.
To acquaint children with a systematic approach to the world around them (component and functional).
Show the dependence of the object on the place of residence.
Brainstorming - built a kindergarten in the water, in the mountain. Discuss work, life in this kindergarten. For clarity, use the resources of the group. For example: mountain - cubes, basket, blanket. Sea - aquarium - bank - box.
The game "Parts - the whole" on the theme of kindergarten.
Target.
To acquaint children with the method of focal objects, explaining to children the technology of working on this method.
Learn to change familiar objects (or part of an object), constructing completely new ones from them. Thinking through their functions, their relationship with surrounding objects and people.
Conduct a small analysis of the positive and negative in our kindergarten, in a group.
Offer to come up with a completely new kindergarten, explaining how to use the focal object method.
For example: in kindergarten there are different groups - glass, prickly, cloth ... Think over the functions of these groups.
Question: - What can the walls in the group, dressing room be used for, if they are...?
Part of the wall is barbed, part...? What can this wall be used for?
Part of the ceiling, part of the floor...? Furniture, supplies...?
Think about what in the group you can make a layout of such kindergarten for dolls. Use group resources.
Target.
Determine the main function of the kindergarten for children, for adults working in kindergarten, for parents.
Enter a new row in the morphological table - kindergarten employees.
Game "Why?"
Why do children need kindergarten? Parents? Educators? Other employees? City - kindergarten, children?
Carry out work on the morphological table, identifying possible changes, situations with a certain choice of cards.
Complication.
Conduct a comparative analysis of kindergartens for children and kindergartens for animals. Name them, consider illustrations: an incubator, a poultry farm, a calf farm. "Kindergarten" for penguins, ducklings.
Compare what is taught in our kindergartens and birds, animals of their children.
Question: Why do they teach this?
A fantastic situation: the child ended up in a "kindergarten" of penguins, ducklings, calves.
The game "Fairytale heroes in kindergarten"
Target.
Introduce the children to the ring of Lull.
Learn to generalize phenomena that do not have obvious connections.
To teach to represent an event in the sequence of its development, to establish a relationship between individual events.
To offer the children a fantastic situation: all the adults in the kindergarten went on vacation, and instead of themselves they left fairy-tale characters who are very much like themselves in everything.
Question: - Who in the group will be the teacher for ...?
Who will be the Assistant Teacher?
Children name heroes of fairy tales, cartoons who will work in kindergarten instead of employees.
Be sure to discuss - why this particular hero will be instead of adults?
Analysis:
Question: - The better and the worse if the group does not have a teacher, but, for example, Vasilisa the Beautiful. Who is better and who is worse?
Show the children a sample (incomplete) of Lull's ring. Offer to make one for yourself in the group and play with it.
Images on the sectors of the rings, children can draw, write or stick on themselves.
1 ring - heroes of fairy tales.
2 ring - employees of the kindergarten.
3 ring - premises of the kindergarten.
Play the ring, considering each option - the sequence of events, the consequences of this change for the hero himself and his people.
Target. To teach children to set an end goal, to approach it, planning a sequence of actions.
Strengthen the ability to use symbolic analogy.
Show system dependency on environment.
The game "Words - partners".
The teacher calls the word, and the children find two words - a partner, which show the sequence of actions on the topic "Plant World".
For example: Lilac - vase - flowers. Grain - flour-bun. Planted - grown - collected.
Game "Chain of goals".
What goal do you set for yourself ... washing yourself,
eating, planting potatoes, picking berries, apples.
Reveal the sequence of any action of children, breaking it into many small goals, in the correct sequence.
To go to the forest for mushrooms, you need to: get out of bed, get dressed, wash. Have breakfast, collect a basket, get dressed in the forest (put on tights, trousers, socks ...) take a basket. Wait for dad or mom, etc.
Carry out several tasks proposed by children along the chain of goals.
Show that any action can cause an anti-action.
For example: "We dug a deep hole -
We got a tall mountain."
Give a few more examples of a similar action.
Offer to symbolically "write down" the sequence of any case, and then "read" to the children.

The game "Choose products for lunch"
Target.
Systematize products of animal origin.
To teach depending on the goal, to combine real objects, creating an unusual object.

Conduct a systematic analysis of food of animal origin. The component diagram is built - it is drawn symbolically on a large sheet of paper.
Meat - animals, poultry (egg), fish (caviar).
Dairy - fresh milk: butter, cheese. Sour milk: sour cream, cottage cheese, curdled milk.
If the image is difficult, you can use pictures or write.
Name many familiar dishes prepared from these products, revealing the sequence of cooking as you go. Pay attention to the ratio - more - less.
Read "The Cook" by O. Grigoriev
The cook was preparing dinner
And then the lights went off.
Bream cook takes
And lowers it into compote.
Throws logs into the cauldron,
Putting jam in the oven
It interferes with the soup with a stalk,
Ugli beats with a ladle.
Sugar pours into the broth
And he is very pleased.
That was the vinaigrette.
When they fixed the light!
At the request of the children, make a Lull ring or a morph table, combining plant and animal food to create an unusual object.
Target. Learn, connecting familiar animals, come up with someone completely unknown. Show how the size of an animal or its change can affect its life and relationships with others.
Arrange animals in order of size: from smallest to largest.
Find them an analogue in geometric shapes. Play: what is more, what is less. First on animals, then on symbols.
For example. Part of the line: fox, wolf, bear, elephant.
Question: - Who is bigger than a wolf, but smaller than an elephant, etc.
Triton - more elephant or less?
Discuss how the size of an animal or its change can affect its life and relationships with others.
You can read "The Crow and the Cat" by Tim Sobakin.
Big Crow is walking along the path.
The Raven is taller than the Cat!
The cat would start a fight with a crow,
if she were as tall as a dog.
Using morphological analysis, each child (or teaming up in twos or threes) come up with an unrealistic animal. Come up with a name for it. Think about how and where it will live, what to eat.
Target.
To educate children in the ability to detect hidden dependencies and connections, and draw conclusions based on them. Show hidden animal resources.
Teach children to evaluate both the process itself and the result.
Game "Ecological balance".

Once nature invented a hare, but for complete happiness he lacked cabbage and ... a wolf. There will be no cabbage - they will die of hunger, there will be no wolf - from diseases.
And if suddenly there was a lot of cabbage, they increased the amount.
So that the whole earth is not overgrown - they came up with a hare. The number of hares was also increased, there were a lot of them - they came up with wolves. But there are a lot of hares, why run around to catch them, they themselves run past.
Question: - If the wolf does not move, what will happen? How to make a wolf move? There were a lot of wolves - what did they come up with? Etc.
A similar situation can then be discussed with another pair of animals of the children's choice.

Game "Forest Mystery"
Target. Learn to establish cause and effect relationships.

Target. Learn to establish cause and effect relationships.
To cultivate the ability to consider familiar objects, situations from an unusual point of view.
Strengthen the mastery of fantasy techniques.
Make a detailed morphological table with the children. To reveal in it the body parts of animals that are vital to them: how they get food, how they defend themselves, how they move. If there are illustrations, consider how the means of adaptation of animals have changed over the period of evolution.
Summarize that everything is vital for animals. Considering, pay attention to the influence of the environment on changes in the body of animals.
Collect from the table an animal that can do everything by itself. Who has all the means just in case. Discuss whether it will be good or bad for him to live now in his usual habitat. What character (whose?) will this animal have. Formulate the contradictions that arise when this animal adapts to the world around it. Try to resolve them yourself.
Preliminary Activity: Offer to bring photographs of your relatives, yourself, and your parents as children.
Game "I am a robot"
Target.
To consolidate knowledge about the structure, functions of a person with the help of a system operator. Show the interdependence of man and his environment. Give the concept of family and generations.
Invite the children to imagine that they are robots, externally and inside of which everything is like a person. Turn on the music and move like robots.
Movement coordination exercise.
Children sit or stand. Touch your right ear with your left hand, and your left ear with your right hand. Now change hands and transfer the left to the right shoulder, and the right to the left. Change hands, touch the waist, then the knees, and then the ankles. We do the same in the upward direction: knees - waist - shoulders - ears. Repeat the exercise three times.
Imagine that there are a lot of buttons in your head, and when you press them, you start laughing, crying...
Question: - Who presses these buttons?
Can you say "stop" - when someone presses these buttons?
Family relationships.
Buttons - business.
Question: - How to raise (spoil) the mood, cheer, upset?
Wake up, meet from work, from the store.
The work was carried out with cards showing the time of day, apartment, enterprises.
How a person can change something in himself using familiar techniques. For example - to become immediately fat, tall ... Remember what technique the hare used - the strong man.
For what a person may need to change something in his appearance.
The game "On the contrary" on the topic: "Family, home, child."
For example. Big - small, mom - dad, grandmother - grandfather. Girl - boy, older - younger ...
Read "Who to whom who?" Yakov Akim.
- Grandmother - grandmother, and whose daughter?
- You are Fedin's daughter, my son.
- My dad is big, but not a son at all!
- Son. Brother of my four daughters
Do you remember we were with the eldest, Avdotya?
- Did we have a daughter? My aunt has!
- I rocked your aunt in the cradle ...
- Grandma, stop, explain first,
Who to me, Natasha and her two brothers.
- Okay, let's try to figure it out:
Their mother, husband's niece sister,
Oh, and she was a little nimble!
And you bring them up ... Tricky business ...
- Grandma, something is burnt with us!
- Ugh, while I was thinking,
All the milk has run out of the pot
The game "Chain of goals" is the opposite.
Target.
Show the children the action of the reception "On the contrary."
Consider the main functional responsibilities in the family and additional ones.
One of the children says the sequence of any action. The second one says the opposite. It is possible to fix each step with some symbol.
Then the first child says the opposite - the second builds the correct chain.
To sum up what we all called the opposite.
Question: - What can we choose as the symbol "On the contrary". Children offer various heroes who do the opposite by nature, or objects (these can be: Petrushka, Ivanushka the Fool, Tumbler, hourglass).
Game "All the way around".
Target.
To consolidate knowledge of the functions of different parts of the body.
To consolidate the possession of the "On the contrary" technique.
Learn to solve problems using this technique.
Cultivate a sense of humor, the ability to find a way out of non-traditional situations.
The child names some part of the body, the second child names what she is doing, the third child names the thing in reverse.
After a few words, the game is played in reverse - the case is called - the parts of the body are located.
For example - a hand - takes - discards. Goes - stands - leg. Nails - grow - decrease, etc.
Discuss options when two opposite properties occur at the same time.
For example: You sit and ride, you sit and fly, sick and healthy, small and big.
Game "I am an adult"
Target.
To consolidate the knowledge and ability to use moral and ethical standards in life, to understand the consequences of their non-compliance. To consolidate the systemic vision of oneself in the world around.
On the system operator to beat - a child in the system, with a change in the supersystem. Supersystem: house, street, hospital, bus, kindergarten, shop, etc.
Show how to change the view of the child depending on his location, what he will be called. Show a multifaceted view of the child, his numerous social role.
Pac look at the genetic line - who will be when he grows up in a family, at work.
Relationships with current and future relatives. Dependence of the social (family) role on age, family composition. Relationships, mutual care in the family.
You can read proverbs to children:
"Do not spit in the well - it will come in handy to pour water."
"Before you do, you need to think carefully."
"As it comes around, it will respond."
Game "Broken phone".
Target. Introduce children to the principle of mediation.
Learn to understand the figurative meaning of words, phrases, proverbs.
You can offer a complicated game. The first child says some very familiar proverb, the second says its original meaning, the third also explains what he understood in his own words. The last child must guess which proverb the first child said. For example, the chain could be like this. They count chickens in the fall - if you work well by the fall, many chickens will grow up - you have to do everything well, then there will be a lot of everything - what you sow, you will reap - skillful hands do not know boredom.
For the game, you can take the following proverbs:
If you like to ride - love to carry sleds.
Hurry up, make people laugh.
Business before pleasure.
As it comes around, it will respond, etc.
At the end of the game, again consider the advantages and disadvantages of the intermediary.
Game "Chain of words"
Target. Show the children the method of garlands and associations (without naming).
To cultivate an unconventional view of familiar real things, carrying out familiar methods of change on a familiar subject.
To bring children to the understanding that in any process there are always two parties involved.
Invite the children to name a few words that they associate with winter.
Carry out the method of garlands and associations on the topic: "Winter", "Snow", "Frost". At the end, summarize that the children spoke a lot of very similar words.
Question: - Why? What unites all these words? Offer to draw the chain again, but end it with the same word that they started with - winter.
During the game, to activate inactive children, use a small toy to pass to the next in the chain. It is great to pass a piece of ice - this allows the game to go very quickly.
Offer the children the game "Chain of goals" (direct and reverse) on the topic - home, winter, work.
The game "Who (what) cannot be without what?" on the same topic.

The game "Announcer - TV"
Target. To consolidate the possession of "storey design".
Introduce the "quantization - continuity" technique.
Cultivate the ability to express yourself in your work. Strengthen self-reliance skills creative work.
Add a TV layout to the group. Consider TV by system operator. Invite children to become television announcers for today. The first transfer, which will go on "TV" - acquaintance with him, a press conference. Children from the place can ask questions to the TV (or TVs). But announcers - TVs can speak themselves.
The announcers begin their speeches: "I am a TV, so they turned me on ...
I am a TV, I am very glad to meet you, otherwise in the store ...
In speeches, reflect the past and present life of the TV.
If desired, children can put a "TV" on their heads. Get to know TV. The news began - real and fantastic. Children talk about what happened yesterday and today.
You can include someone with ads. Carry out changes in the floor construction of the "TV at home".
Discuss options for continuous TV operation. Or continuous display of any one transmission. Think about what's good and what's bad. How quantity becomes quality.
Recall in which works the action is continuous or interrupted.
You can first give an example to the teacher, the children find similar examples.

Games with toys.
Target.
Learn to systematize games for adults and children.
To teach children not only to change, but also to transform, combine, creating new games for the child.
To cultivate the ability to evaluate both the process itself and the result.
Make with children a morphological table of games that children play. When compiling, think about how you can call in one word the games that are played by running, jumping, etc.
Games that are played while sitting at a table.
Think about how this can be represented on the table. Randomly choosing components from each row, come up with a game. Discuss the rules of the game. Play if possible. If you can’t play in a group, you can already purposefully add something from the table or add it yourself. A slight deviation from the accepted rules is allowed if they are difficult to comply with.
Discuss what games can teach. Try, starting from the function, to come up with a game to learn how to do it.
For example: read. Building from cubes with letters, with syllables, then a house, then a fence, then a path, repeat syllables, make words,
Jump on one leg. A brook appears on the floor, and "pebbles" in it - bricks so small that you can't stand on them with both feet. A friend is waiting on the other side.
The teacher encourages children to come up with games with a variety of functions. Games are different in mobility. For example, you can jump on your toes while sitting on a chair. Only the legs move. Jump while sitting on the floor - only the soles of the feet are involved.
After the game, line up a line of games that adults play. Games can be classified into home, outdoor and television.
Think about which of these games we could play. Discuss what games we play, and adults play these games at work, at home. That is, what is work for them is a game for us.
Auction game.
Target.
To teach children to describe objects, games, finding obvious and hidden advantages in them.
To be able to describe not only a real object, but also an object - the fruit of a child's imagination.
A lot of new items, toys are brought to the group. Each child chooses what he will represent at the auction by choosing an item, the children collectively choose words using the focal object method or use fantasy techniques. The main thing is that it turned out to be an unusual object or toy. Children think over its new obvious and hidden Advantages and functions.
Payment for things at the auction is thought out in advance or handouts in mathematics are used.
Children take turns presenting their items, the rest buy or not. The child who bought it should say what he liked most about this subject.
Some of the things may be real, but with an additional set of functions.
After the auction, children play with toys and objects. Toys and objects remain in the group either permanently or for a long time.
The game "Parts - the whole" is direct and inverse in transport.
Target.
To acquaint children with the law of increasing the degree of ideality.
To teach to see the claims to the means of transportation, from which certain features of modern transport came out.
Make riddles about transport for children.
Ask if they have guessed what we are going to talk about today.
Consider what types of transport the children know. Group by tables - garages: ground, underground, air, water, space.
Within groups: ground and air sort by type of activity.
Selecting one of the machines, conduct a system analysis.
Pay special attention to the development line.
Post (preferably photographs or illustrations) of how vehicles have changed over the centuries.
Consider the common with modern transport and their differences. Find claims against vintage modes of transport that are allowed by man. What exactly was done and, if possible, how it was done. Pay attention to the fact that a person improved transport all the time, but after some time again something did not satisfy. Discuss this with examples, formulating contradictions and how they were resolved.
Press conference game
Target. To consolidate the understanding of the law of increasing the degree of ideality.
To teach on the basis of analogies and necessary functions to design new structures.
Repeat the names of the vehicles. Recall and discuss what kind of transport the children identified on the street. View and compare the cars in the catalog or from photographs and the one that is on the street. The game "Without which there are no cars"
To draw the attention of children to a systematic approach to the questions asked.
Talk about environmentally friendly transport - in terms of functions and appearance. Find analogues of machines in nature.
Discuss what is good and what is bad.
When discussing, pay attention to how much money was spent on the manufacture of transport and how many functions it performed. How much effort and money a person spends now for the normal operation of transport. List which ones.
Can we say that now the machines are the best; or after some time it will not suit the people.
Question: - What else do you want the car to do? How can you call a car that can do whatever you want?
Question: - Why is there transport for humans, but no special transport for animals, birds, insects, plants? When is such transport needed? How are animals transported now? Why transport birds? Using what principles can you come up with such a transport?
Target.
To acquaint children with the technique of fantasizing "changing the laws of nature."
To teach children starting from real situations, to generalize phenomena that have no analogues in nature.
Read to the children "Answer, is it true?" Givi Chichinadze.
At this hour, merry hour,
I've got riddles for you.
The blizzard covered the field,
And plane trees are all the trouble.
In March the snow and ice melted,
This winter is coming to us.
Cat loves for lunch
Grapes and vinaigrette.
At night in the rain, like a shepherd,
The rooster took the chickens out for a walk.
The swan swims in the pond
Sleeping on an apple tree in the garden.
Wool we wound into a skein,
A silk scarf will come out.
Though the snail is small,
The whole house was taken away.
Dog Barbos cackled,
And laid an egg in the nest.
Grab your paw, click your teeth.
Predator - tiger and predator - wolf.
That's right, kids! Well done!
You are rewarded with lollipops.
Here's a melted candy
And the verses came to an end.
While the teacher is reading the poem, the children put as many chips on the table in front of them as they find inaccuracies.
Then the children check how many people correctly found inaccuracies.
Question: - How would it be right? Some moments from the poem are corrected for real ones.
The situations that always happen are discussed and named. For example: the sun always rises in the morning. The tree always grows up. First the egg comes out, and then the chick comes out of it.
The opposite game.
One of the children names some real situation, passes a small object to another child, who says this situation in reverse.
For example: the wind blows, so the cloud flies. The cloud flies, so the wind blows.
Explain the concept of "law" to children. Discuss what we have now done with these laws of nature. We changed them. Therefore, fantastic situations turned out.
Game "Change the story"
Question: - What will any fairy tale look like if we change the laws of nature in it?
If you change the laws of nature in the fairy tale "The Wolf and the Seven Kids", how will the fairy tale change?
Make up a story using the changed situations. You can come up with the whole group, you can individually.
Target.
To teach, using the techniques of change, to change the fairy tale on their own, inventing a new one.
To consolidate the ability to represent events in the sequence of their development, to establish the relationship between individual events, to create new images, planning their actions, life stages.
To be able to solve the fairy-tale problems that have arisen, if possible, on their own, while using moral and ethical standards.
Children independently choose from a large number of proposed fairy tales, one to change. Briefly retell the main plot lines of the tale.
Characters of her characters.
Next, the children are invited to independently make changes to this fairy tale, using any change methods they wish.
In the course of building a new storyline solve the problems that have arisen.
Each child "writes down" new fairy tales on their sheets of paper.
At the end of the work, those who wish to tell their tales. Similar situations are found, options for solving similar problems are compared.
If you wish, you can compose one general fairy tale at the end.

Games for children 6 years old

Didactic games. Games are aimed at developing perception, attention, memory, thinking and imagination of the child.

Didactic game "Lay it out yourself"

Purpose: to learn to analyze the shape of objects.

Children are given an outline image, for example, a fish, a cat, etc.

The figures are squares, triangles, children cut out on their own.

Here are some objects that can be folded from geometric shapes.

Didactic game "Doll rug"

Purpose: to teach to navigate in space, to know the directions to the right, left, middle, etc. A rug can be made from a regular sheet of paper, and figures can either be drawn or cut out of paper geometric shapes. We follow the instructions of the doll: first you should fill in the middle, then - at the top right, at the bottom right, etc.

Didactic game "What in the world does not happen!"

Goal: develop imagination, speech

Invite your child to draw something that does not exist in the world. Ask him to tell what he drew, and discuss the drawing with him: is it really that what is shown on it does not occur in life. The game will be very fun. Children with the Kaliningrad artist A. Taynikov drew: a cat fish, an elephantfish ...

Didactic game "Guess what is hidden"

Purpose: development of speech, imagination

We take a "wonderful bag". Let's hide some toy in it and describe it appearance, for example: “Yellow, the body is round, the head is round, the beak is sharp” (chicken). The next to hide and describe the object will be the child. It is possible in the “wonderful bag” after the child guesses, find the hidden object by touch.

Didactic game "Pairs of words"

Purpose: memory development

We offer the child to remember a few words (you can start with 5-6), presenting each of them in tandem with another word. For example. You name such pairs: cat - milk, boy - car, table - pie, etc. - and ask the child to remember the second words from each pair. Then you call the first word of the pair, and the child must remember and name the second word. The task can be gradually complicated by increasing the number of pairs of words and selecting pairs of words with separate semantic connections.

Didactic game "It happens - it doesn't happen"

Purpose: development of speech, imagination of the child

The teacher asks the children whether this actually happens or not? If not, the children stomp their feet; if they do, they clap their hands. The teacher's sign with his hands in front of his chest cross to cross - stop, the children stop clapping or stomping. Be sure to alternate between real and unreal options, for example: “A wolf roams the forest”, “A wolf sits on a tree”, “A cup of boil in a saucepan”, “A cat walks on the roof”. “The dog is walking on the roof”, “The boat is floating in the sky”, “The house is drawing a girl”, “The girl is drawing a house”, etc. the game will be more fun and interesting if your phrases and phrases of the child are varied and maybe unexpected. Make mistakes sometimes - it will only make the game more fun.

Didactic game "Name the neighbors"

Goal: be able to name the neighbors of a number

The players stand in a circle. One child picks up a ball. He throws the ball to a partner, calling a number (from 0 to 10). The one who catches the ball must name the “neighbors” of the named number (the number is 1 more and 1 less than the one named), after that he calls his number and throws the ball to the next player. If the catcher makes a mistake in naming the neighbors, he is out of the game.

Didactic game "Count right"

Purpose: to form the ability of children to correlate the number of objects with the number.

The game is made of dense material white color. Buttons were sewn onto the material. The children are blindfolded and asked to count the number of buttons with their fingers. Match the number of buttons with the correct number.

Game "Digital table"

Purpose: to determine the volume, speed of distribution and switching of attention. If the child knows how to count, offer him a table consisting of numbers from 1 to 25, the order of the numbers is arbitrary. The task will be next. You need to quickly find, show and name numbers from 1 to 25. The child should spend 2 minutes to complete this task, making almost no mistakes.

The game "Find differences"

You will need paired cards to play (see sample below).

Comparing the cards, the child must find the indicated number of differences in signs.

Option 1

Look closely and find 3 differences.

Option 2

Look closely and find 5 differences.

Option 3

Look closely and find 6 differences.

The game "Who was who?

The child must answer the question of who (what) he was before: chicken (egg), horse (foal), cow (calf), oak (acorn), fish (egg), apple tree9 seed), butterfly (caterpillar), bread (flour ), shirt (fabric), shoes (leather), etc. You can give other words that require the child to understand the transition of one quality to another.

List of sources used:

1. “What doesn’t happen in the world?” Entertaining games for children, Moscow "Enlightenment", 1991

2.A.Gerasimova "Tests for preparing for school", Moscow "Iris press". 2004

Games are an essential element in the development and upbringing of a child. Didactic games help to establish the relationship between practical and mental actions, which is important for children of any age: at 2–3 years old, 3–4 years old, 4–6 years old.

Didactic game - view educational activities organized in game format. Classes implement the principles of the game, active learning, obey a set of specific rules, have a strict structure and a system of control and evaluation tools.

Didactic games for children 2-3 years old: how to develop a baby.

The games in question, as well as mobile, musical ones, are created by adults (teacher, parent) and are offered ready-made. First, children master the game with the help of its developers, learn the rules, norms of action, and over time, after mastering the necessary content, they begin to play them on their own.

Such classes are one of the leading ones in preschool educational organizations, therefore they are used by educators at all stages of children's development: the first younger group (2-3 years), the second younger group (3-4 years), the middle one - 4-5 years old, the older one - 5-6 years, preparatory - 6-7 years.

Properly organized didactic games develop:

mental and cognitive abilities - children learn new information, generalize it and consolidate, expand their knowledge about various objects, phenomena of the surrounding reality, about the flora and fauna. Memory develops, all kinds of attention, observation, children learn to express judgments and conclusions;
speech- there is a replenishment of the active dictionary and its actualization in speech activity;
social and moral values- children learn the relationship between themselves and adults, between objects living and inanimate nature, children learn to empathize, give in to each other, be fair, considerate towards the other.

Usually, the games under consideration are divided into 3 main groups:

Games with objects (toys)- are aimed at the direct perception of a thing and action with it, therefore, the child gets acquainted with the characteristics of this object, its shape, color. When working with several toys, children can compare them with each other, find common and different. This type of task allows you to organize independent activities, develops the ability to occupy yourself and not interfere with others in the group.
Board games - aimed at getting to know the surrounding reality, flora, fauna, phenomena of animate and inanimate nature. Such tasks contribute to the development of speech skills, logic, mindfulness, teach modeling life situations, make decisions, train self-control skills.
word games - develop thinking and speech of preschoolers. These games are based on speaking, which allows you to train the ability to solve various mental problems: describe the properties and characteristics of things or phenomena, highlight their main features, compare different objects (phenomena) with each other, guess them according to the description.

Didactic games for children (2-3 years old or older) are conducted by a teacher or parent, at the same time, he organizes activities through familiarization with the content and rules of the game, its course of action, through a clear example of how to play. The game ends with a summing up of its results and analysis, which allows you to identify the individual characteristics of children.

The benefits of didactic games

The games in question develop:

speech- children hear the speech of an adult and other preschoolers, therefore, vocabulary is replenished. In addition, the guys answer questions, describe something, reason, therefore, they train the available speech data, they are being improved;
thinking- preschoolers expand their knowledge about objects, phenomena, flora and fauna, learn new information, can compare existing experience with what they have received, train memory, logic, mathematical abilities;
Attention- children train listening skills and understanding what needs to be done, how to play the game correctly, therefore, they become more attentive, focused, able to regulate their actions;
physical qualities- there is a development of the motor system, children become mobile, active, learn to control their movements, manage them, the child's psyche is formed in terms of the ability to be active.

Speech development

Didactic games aimed at developing speech skills are recommended to be selected taking into account the age indicator. Such classes replenish the active vocabulary of the kids and teach to distinguish the sounds of pupils. senior group.

Didactic games for children 2-3 years old:

"Wood". The goal is to develop the skill of using prepositions in speech, activating speech skills acquired earlier. Description - the educator reads a short poem and visually shows that ON is on top, and UNDER is on the bottom. After playing the action, he discusses with the children what else happens ON and UNDER. Text:

"The doll is sleeping." The goal is to develop speaking and listening skills. Additional props - a doll and a lullaby (crib). Description - the task of the preschooler is to put the doll to sleep: shake it, sing a lullaby, put it in the crib and cover it with a blanket. The next stage of the game - the teacher explains that while the doll is sleeping, you need to talk in a whisper so as not to wake her up. At the same time, you need to bring the preschooler to a conversation, ask to talk about something. The final stage is to announce that the doll has woken up and now you can talk in full voice.

Classes for preschoolers 4-5 years old:

"Where can you do something?" The goal is to develop the ability to use verbs in speech, listening skills, social and moral values. Description - children answer the teacher's questions: "What can be done on the playground?" (relax, play, ride downhill, run, chat, etc.), “What can you do in nature (in a clinic, in the country, etc.)?”.
"What, what, what." The goal is to develop the ability to use definitions for various objects, phenomena in speech, to activate the existing vocabulary. Description - the teacher calls the words, and the preschoolers in a chain name the properties characteristic of these words. For example: a cat is affectionate, striped, fluffy; coat - warm, autumn, brown.

Games for the senior group:

"vowel sounds". The goal is to develop the skills of isolating vowel sounds from the composition of a word. Description - the teacher calls a word consisting of one, two or three syllables (it all depends on the individual capabilities of the preschooler), children identify vowel sounds by ear and name them.
"Superfluous word". The goal is to develop auditory attention, enrich the vocabulary and clarify the lexical meaning. Description - the teacher calls a chain of words, the task of the pupils is to find an extra word and explain their choice. For example: October, January, summer, June, August; jeans, dress, shoes, sweater, coat.

Development of thinking

Didactic games aimed at developing thinking will be useful not only for children aged 2–3, but also for the middle and older groups. Properly organized classes contribute to the training of all stages of the intellectual formation of thinking.

Namely:

visual-effective - the child establishes causal relationships through the solution of simple practical problems;
visual-figurative - a preschooler establishes connections using a figurative representation of an object, phenomenon;
verbal-logical - the establishment of various relationships between words and concepts at a generalized (abstract) level.

Didactic games for children 2-3 years old: how to develop a child's thinking.

Tasks for the development of thinking in the younger group:

"Who loves what." The goal is the development of visual-effective thinking, the synthesis of knowledge about animals. Description - the teacher lays out cards with representatives of the fauna and food for them, the children are invited to feed each representative.
"Words are reversed." The goal is the development of visual-figurative thinking, the ability to analyze. Description - the teacher calls the word, and the pupils need to name the opposite word: narrow - thick, long - short, etc.
"Summarize the words." The goal is the development of verbal-logical thinking, the ability to combine words into groups. Description - the task of children is to summarize the words given in the teacher's chain. For example: a cow, a horse, a ram are domestic animals.

Games for middle group:

"The Lost Toy" The goal is the development of thinking, the ability to concentrate. Description - several toys are placed in front of the child, they are asked to carefully look at them and remember, then the preschooler closes his eyes, one toy is removed and asked to see which toy is hidden. This game can be complicated if the toys are interchanged, while the preschooler must remember the sequence in which the objects were.
"Find the treasure." The goal is the development of logical thinking, spatial orientation, the ability to act according to the scheme. Description - an object is hidden in the room and a map of its location is drawn, the task of the children is to find the object using the map. The task can be complicated if it is carried out on the playground.

Exercises for older preschoolers:

"Continue the word." The goal is to develop the speed of thinking and consideration. Description - the teacher calls the initial syllable, and the child must come up with a word that begins with this syllable. You can complicate the task and offer to come up with several words for one syllable.
"Similar - not similar." The goal is the development of logical thinking, the ability to analyze, evaluate objects, phenomena, and argue your answer. Description - the teacher arranges various objects in the room in advance, the task of the preschooler is to find similar objects, describe what they have in common, prove his point of view.

Development of attention

Didactic games for children (2-3 years and older) for the development of attention train the ability to listen carefully to the teacher, to monitor the situation in the group, which in turn leads to memorizing the necessary information.

Exercises for younger preschoolers:

"Lotto". The goal is to train visual attention, thinking, speech development. Additional material - paired cards with pictures, one set of cards remains with the teacher, the second set is distributed to children (each with a card). Description - the teacher shows a card, a child who has the same picture quickly raises his card and describes it.
"Guess what to do." The goal is to train auditory attention, the ability to correlate their actions with the actions of the teacher. Additional material - a tambourine, colored flags for each child. Description - the teacher picks up a tambourine, the children take the flags. If the tambourine sounds loud, then preschoolers wave flags, if it is quiet, they keep their hands on their knees.

Games for the middle group:

"Buttons". The goal is to develop memory and attention, the ability to find ways to memorize objects. Materials - buttons, a chess board. Description - the pupils are divided into pairs, each receives his own set of buttons. The first player places three buttons on his playing field anywhere, the second player remembers the location of the buttons, the items are covered, and the second player repeats the location of the buttons on the field, then the correctness of the task is checked. Then the players change, the second sets the buttons, and remembers the first. The game can be complicated: 1) by placing not 3, but more buttons, 2) setting the time for memorizing and reproducing the pattern.
"Noisy pictures". The goal is to develop involuntary attention. Material - cards on which various objects are depicted with lines. Description - children look at pictures with several images and must name the objects that are drawn there. Complicating the task: pupils first memorize objects, and then call them from memory.

"Find differences". The goal is to train the ability to arbitrarily switch and distribute attention. Material - a card with pictures that have differences. Description - the task of the child is to find all the differences. You can complicate the exercise if you select images that differ in some details.
"Builders". The goal is to train observational abilities, distribution and concentration of attention. Material - cards with 4 drawings, pencil. Description - there are 4 drawings on the card - 1 is completely drawn, and in 3 others there are no details, the child's task is to finish the remaining drawings so that he gets 4 identical images.

Development of physical qualities

Didactic games for children (2-3 years and older) for training physical qualities are necessary for general development preschooler. Physical activity can be formed not only in physical education classes, but also in a group or at home.

When doing exercises, children learn to coordinate their movements, become hardy and healthier.

Games for younger students:

"Mirrors". The goal is to consolidate the ways of walking, jumping, running and other movements, developing the ability to come up with new movements. Description - the children form a circle, they will be “mirrors”, the leader stands in the center of the circle and demonstrates movements, the rest repeat after him. Whoever repeats the best - becomes the leader.
"Naughty ball". The goal is to develop the ability to throw a sports equipment with both hands from the chest. Description - children stand at the intended line and perform actions under the poem that the teacher says:

We hug the ball gently

Let's push him away casually.

And now let's catch up together:

We need to pity him!

Exercises for the middle group:

"Who quickly". The goal is to develop the speed of reaction, the formation of the ability to hear and understand the conditions of activity, to perform all actions correctly. Description - divide the children into groups, put a hoop in front of the groups, the first from each column take the hoop, raise it above their heads and lower it through the body to the floor, step over the projectile and go to the end of the column. The teacher carefully observes all groups and awards a flag to the one who correctly completed the exercise. The group with the most flags wins.
"Mousetrap". The goal is to develop speed of reaction, the ability to navigate in new situations. Description - 2 groups are formed from children, 1 group - mice, 3 small circles are created from 2 groups - mousetraps, the task of children is to catch all the mice. The teacher is the leader of the game, voices the actions: the mice run through the mousetraps, but as soon as the teacher says “Stop”, the mousetraps close, the “mice” caught are in a circle.

Tasks for older preschoolers:

"Owl". The goal is to develop movement coordination. Description - the group is divided into 2 teams - butterflies and bees, 1 child is chosen as an owl. At the command of the teacher - “day”, the teams run around the clearing, “night” - all the children freeze, the owl goes hunting and takes those who have moved. The game ends when the owl catches 2-3 butterflies or bees.
"Zhmurka". The goal is to train the ability to navigate in space. Description - children form a circle, two players are selected: one is blindfolded, and the other is given a bell. The task of the first player is to catch the second eyes closed.

Card file of didactic games for the younger group of kindergarten

"What is the subject?" (games with toys, objects) - children take out various objects from the bag and name them, describe their characteristics.

“Find the same objects” (board game) - children receive cards with several drawings, among which you need to find the same.

“Olya’s helpers” (word game) - the teacher takes the doll and asks the children, pointing to his hands: “What is this?” (hands), “What are they doing” (take, draw ...). And so for every part of the body.

Didactic color learning games for young children

Didactic games help to introduce preschoolers to primary colors and their shades. First, the kids learn red, blue and yellow, then orange, green and black are added to them.

Basic didactic games with children:

Games with objects Children need to match the colors of two objects. For example: arrange colored pencils in jars with the corresponding color; make several colored pockets in a shoe box and put pebbles in them; plant a butterfly on a flower of the same color, etc.
Board games - Children need to choose the right color for something. For example: prepare stencils with fruits, trees, flowers and other objects and ask the children to choose the appropriate color from pieces of colored paper (apple - red, ball - yellow, spruce - green); pick up paper clips of the same color as the picture.
word games Children need to describe what colors they see. For example: a teacher shows a drawing to preschoolers and asks them to name the colors that the artist used. This task can be complicated if you use not just children's drawings, but reproductions of paintings.

After studying the primary colors, they move on to the study of shades, from light to dark tones. Here you can use self-prepared palettes and clothespins with flowers, give a task - pick up a clothespin for the corresponding color of the palette; or assemble a caterpillar from various shades, for example, starting with red, moving to orange and yellow.

Card file of didactic games for middle groups of kindergarten

In the middle group, a card file of games can be compiled on the following topics:

"Child and Health". To study the daily routine, children are invited to look at pictures with images of the daily routine and arrange them in order and comment: the morning starts with exercises, breakfast, etc. Such a game introduces children to a healthy lifestyle, develops speech, attention and memory.
"Healthy foods". The following games will help memorize fruits and vegetables: children take out a model of a product from a bag and describe it (“this is an apple, it is round, red and smooth); the teacher names the characteristics of the fruit / vegetable, and the children guess it; children try products with their eyes closed and name them, say what the fruit / vegetable tastes like.
"Dangerous Items" The purpose of such games is to introduce children to dangerous objects that should not be played or taken without the permission of adults. For example: the teacher prepares cards with dangerous and safe items and asks the pupils to sort them into two groups, explaining their choice. You can complicate the task by offering to tell the children what injuries dangerous things can cause (cut, bruise, etc.).

Card file of didactic games for senior groups of kindergarten

Didactic games in senior groups:

Item games: description of the properties of objects, finding common and different, comparing objects, posing problematic questions. For example, why the oval does not roll.
Board-printed games: mathematical tasks - count birds, animals, tasks for attentiveness, thinking - pick up items for something (dress a girl / boy, set the table, put things in cabinets, etc.), find a pair for something, tasks for development social relations - the study of various professions, ways of behavior in public places.
Word games: naming in one word a group of objects, phenomena, animals, plants, a story about the profession of parents, guessing riddles, compiling stories (“continue the sentence”).

Didactic games for the development of coherent speech in preschoolers

The development of speech is one of the important tasks of pedagogy: the better coherent speech is developed, the more successfully the child learns, since he knows how to form and formulate thoughts, knows how to use speech as a tool for communication and influencing other people.

Didactic games that help develop coherent speech:

"Zoo". The goal is the development of coherent speech, the ability to describe a picture, to compose a mini-story. Description - children receive pictures with animals, their task is to carefully examine them, and then in turn describe the depicted animal according to the scheme: appearance, what it eats.
"Good bad". The goal is the development of coherent speech, logical thinking, the ability to describe the heroes of a fairy tale, and build reasoning. Description - pupils, together with the teacher, describe the characters of the heroes of fairy tales, find positive and negative character traits, reason for what they can praise this / that hero (for example, what is good about the fact that the Serpent Gorynych has three heads).

DIY didactic game

Didactic games for kids:

"Feed the bun." The goal is to develop fine motor skills in children. Description - You will need two small plastic containers, one of them should be round. Glue a funny face (kolobok) to the lid, make a hole in place of the mouth, put the beans in the second jar. The task of the child is to feed the kolobok, i.e. transfer the beans to a jar with a face.
"Carnations and rubber bands". The goal is to train fine motor skills, visual, color and spatial perception, the study of geometric shapes. Description - cut out a square of the desired size from plywood, color it, fix stationery studs at an equal distance throughout the space, the task of the child is to create various geometric shapes using bank rubber bands, simple items(e.g. spruce).

Classes with children of the middle group:

"Box of Feelings" The goal is the development of motor skills, imagination, the ability to determine an object by its shape. Description - take a shoe box, make two holes in the lid and sew fabric sleeves to them, put various items in the box and cover with a lid. The task of the children is to put their hands in the sleeves, find the object, guess and describe it.
"Musical Candies" The goal is the development of auditory attention, memory, thinking. Description - put various objects into the eggs from under the kinder surprise - beads, cereals, paper clips, sheathe blanks with fabric in the form of sweets (each sound should have a pair). The task of children is to find pairs of identical candies.

Games for older preschoolers:

"The World of Flora and Fauna". The goal is to develop the ability to observe, analyze, generalize, instill love for wildlife, for a careful attitude towards it. Description - cut out representatives of flora and fauna, stick on cardboard. The task of the children is to consider a card with an animal or plant, describe it, highlight the main characteristics, etc.
"Mosaic". The goal is the development of attention, logical thinking, color perception. Description - prepare various geometric shapes from colored paper, except for a circle. The task of the children is to make a mosaic of these figures in such a way that the same colors do not touch each other.

Didactic games allow you to develop all important processes: speech, attention, thinking, imagination. Such classes are useful not only for children 2-3 years old, but also for the middle and older groups. A variety of games allows the teacher to choose the one that will be aimed at the development of each child.

Video about what didactic games are necessary and useful for children

Didactic games for the formation of the syllabic structure of the word in children:

Musical didactic game:

Do-it-yourself games for the development of speech breathing: